nrma house insurance calculator. The best NRMA Insurance coupon code available is SAVE100. nrma house insurance calculator

 
The best NRMA Insurance coupon code available is SAVE100nrma house insurance calculator  Our comparison includes policies offered by NRMA, GIO, QBE, Budget Direct, Youi and more

6y. Personal Insurance 8:30am to 5:00pm AEDST, Monday to Friday. We are here to serve our members the best way we can so plan your next holiday with our top travel tips, inspirational destinations and deals. If possible, choose a calculator where you feed in your specific address, not just a postcode. It’s quick and easy! Important Information. With over 90 years of experience, we know how to protect the things you care about. Estimate the cost to replace your home contents. Business address is Darling Park Tower 2, 201 Sussex St, Sydney NSW (can’t assist with enquiries at this address). If you get a quote and buy a new policy online, you’ll receive a 15%^ discount (Home Building Insurance only or Contents Insurance only) or 30%^ discount (combined Home and Contents Insurance) on your first year’s premium. Complete a quick and easy quote online in under 5 minutes for Building and Contents Cover 2 (part of the Residential Home Package). In partnership with NRMA Insurance. These calculators' estimates may be different than estimates you get during your quote. In recent times, North Queensland has been severely impacted by natural disasters including cyclones and floods, and these disasters have contributed to rising insurance premiums. Cover is subject to your application for insurance being accepted. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. Get a Quote Online and Save 30%. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. View the Home and Contents Insurance Key Fact Sheets. The national average cost of homeowners insurance is $1,582 per year, according to our analysis. For claims Call 13 24 80. AU IAG Partner CN Home Content Calculator -- Step 1 of 3. It comes with plenty of benefits included as standard and an additional 25% on top of your sum. So, answer all the questions as best. First, improve security and safety. Finance Ltd will pay National Roads and Motorists’ Association Limited (ACN 000 010 506) a commission. Full list of 2023 winners. *Insurance is issued by Insurance Australia Limited ABN 11 000 016 722 AFSL 227681 (IAL), trading as NRMA Insurance which is separate and independent from National Roads and Motorists’ Association. Prepared on: 13 May 2022. I just presumed naievely that if the house sells for 650 then that is the replacement cost but of course that is not the case. Business address is Darling Park Tower 2, 201 Sussex St, Sydney NSW (can’t assist with enquiries at this address). But your rates will differ based on the car you buy, among other. By providing general information about your home. AFSL 227681 trading as NRMA Insurance. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. You can then multiply that answer by 12 to get the average annual cost of a homeowners insurance policy. Calculators. Loan Types. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. This can determine the amount of insurance you pay; Home insurance for a large house in a suburb known for break-ins will cost more than a cottage in a quiet town. defined in section 163 of the duties act 2001. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. a. Home and Contents calculators. For Comprehensive and Comprehensive Plus policies, you may be able to choose the amount of your basic excess, ranging from $0 to $2,000. Cover for 11 insured events, including fire, 5. Your contents in transit when. Cordell Sum Sure is a user friendly online calculator that delivers property rebuild cost estimates, quickly and easily. Our Building Insurance covers the physical structures that make up your home building. com. Easily request roadside assistance or order a replacement car battery in the app and we’ll come to you. Time to find an insurance that's there for you at any time at an acceptable price. $5. If you’d like more information about your refund, we’re here to answer your questions. Ask a question about NRMA Home Insurance in Home and Contents Insurance. Take a look and start a quote today. Get started by answering a few quick questions. Up to 10% of the home sum insured to cover redesign work to repair or rebuild your home after an insured event. Home office equipment cover of up to $15,000 for those who have chosen to invest a bit more in. NRMA Home Insurance (Home and Contents Insurance): 1. In addition to the small business stamp duty exemption, effective 1 January 2018, farmers and growers are no longer required to pay stamp duty on crop and livestock insurance. Calculate YOUR rebuild cost now. The team are insurance specialists who can support you directly and make sure you’ve got the level of cover you need. Interest rate. 13 19 03. 24 hours, 7 days a week. com. # Buy an eligible home, contents or landlord insurance policy between 16/10/2023 and 8/12/2023 to receive a $150 eGift card after day 60 of your insurance policy being active. These calculators' estimates may be different than estimates you get during your quote. Any advice provided is general advice only and does not take into consideration your objectives, financial situation or needs. Membership with NRMA* (except NRMA* Business Membership) counts towards your Policy Count and, for a limited time, Years of Relationship for the NRMA Insurance Loyalty Discount but it doesn’t receive the NRMA Insurance Loyalty Discount. And as our lives change, so too do our needs – that’s why it’s important to regularly assess how much cover you need. 8 out of 5 stars from 420 genuine reviews on Australia's largest opinion site ProductReview. Zubair April 18, 2017 Finder. Principal + Interest + Mortgage Insurance (if applicable) + Escrow (if applicable) = Total monthly payment. Compare contents only insurance. Choosing the right sum-insured for your property and contents is important. 1 PT. The house is a double storey house, single garage with a internal door from garage into house. For homeowners. Second, raise your excess. Be protected from the unexpected with home and contents insurance. Building insurance. For example you may have a work of art which is valued at $10,000, and the cover limit is $2000 per item or $5000 in total. Find out more. This includes everything from the house itself, to your garage, fences, and paved driveways, as well as fixtures like hot water systems, air conditioners and more. 4. NRMA Home Loans is brought to you by Insurance Australia Limited ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance, which is a separate and independent company from National Roads and Motorists' Association Limited ABN 77 000 010 506, trading as NRMA. high. NRMA Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. View all in Insurance calculators; Life cover calculator;. * National Roads and Motorists' Association Limited, ABN 77 000 010 506, trading as NRMA, is a separate. 19%*. In the scheme of a house that will be insured for $500K upwards, often very much upwards, one would reasonably expect a $5-15K PV system should comfortably fit. 3,500 dollars now. 3. Comprehensive Car Insurance from NRMA Insurance* protects your car for accident damage, theft, severe weather, and more. So if GIO Home Assist is available at your insured address and you’ve had GIO Home Assist added on your policy for 24 hours or more and you come home. g. Zubair April 18, 2017 Finder. More towing. When making decisions about a product you should consider the Product Disclosure Statement and Policy Wording available from NRMA Insurance. We're proud to call SA our home. 3 billion (IAG, 2022). But if you need to work the cost out, or check it's still up-to-date use the house insurance calculator or contact a professional. Log in to your online account to lodge a car, home, motorcycle or caravan claim, anytime. ^The Program is brought about by the support of Tasman Environmental Markets who are responsible for providing the calculation method used to calculate your vehicle’s estimated yearly driving. 1/5 for value for money and 4. Most Relevant is selected, so some replies may have been filtered out. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. The loan is suitable for a range of vehicle types, including new and used cars up to 3 years old. Disclaimer - Hive Empire Pty Ltd (trading as finder. If you want more information on this policy contact us on 132 132 or visit your local branch or nrma. Business address is Darling Park Tower 2, 201 Sussex St, Sydney NSW (can’t assist with enquiries at this address). Disclaimer: NRMA Car Loans products are provided by R. Manage my insurance. If you have an estimate for your rebuild costs, you’re ready to calculate your house insurance premium. If you need further help call the claims team. To get Home Plus, select Upgrade to. CGU research has shown up to 60% of people may be underinsured, with fewer than 1 in 5 people fully covered for their house and everything they own. Our home and contents calculators are one tool that can help. AFS Licence No. Canstar Outstanding Value Home & Contents 2017-2022 Winner. Plus, with 30 additional deals, you can save big on all of your favorite products. Important information. NRMA's parent company, Insurance Australia Group (IAG), said it had no choice but to increase premiums by up to 20 per cent this year. Basic has you covered for floods, fires, break-ins and more. Insurance issued by Insurance Australia Limited trading as NRMA Insurance. Towing map - Metro, country and remote areas | Direct debit terms and conditions. If we can't get you back on the road we can organise a tow. We can insure the following types of buildings at your site: domestic residential buildings that can be locked up; home improvement structures e. Generally, vehicles more than five years old are required by the RMS to pass an eSafety check – also referred to as a pink slip, or rego check – before you can renew your registration. Calculate the replacement cost of your home contents. The first thing you should do is get another quote from one of the often cheaper challenger brands, where at times the gap between your old bill and a new provider can be as much as $1000. Based on general information held about your home, and information you provide, the calculator will generate an estimate of your home contents replacement value. Inquisitive in NRMA Home Plus Buildings & Substance Insurance? Find all which product details, real buyer reviews, and find with Mozo!Buildings calculator. This policy offers underinsurance protection just in case you think you’ve valued your home incorrectly as well as a lifetime guarantee on authorised repairs. Hi Roome, CGU Insurance cover aims to provide you with protection and peace of mind, so that in the unfortunate event that your home or contents are lost or damaged, you will be covered for their full repair or replacement cost. It has been used 1,578 times. For home policies, please read our Home Key Facts Sheets (KFSs) which set out some of the events/risks covered and not covered by our home policies and other. Read full review. This calculator estimates the value of your home contents using. Roadside assistance. com. The NRMA offers a range of car batteries for most vehicles. Its a pity NRMA insurance haven't been as helpful with sorting out the water leak in our laundry that is now growing lovely black mould! 6y. Plus, we’ll cover up to 12 months’ accommodation if your home is unfit to live in while repairs are. NRMA Insurance. Commbank home insurance is a good overall home insurer compared to other policies on the market. Our Home Contents Insurance on the other hand, helps cover the cost of loss or damage to your. Let us help you make sure the things that make your house a home are covered. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. Meet our assessors and find out more about their stories of help. au. Highly recommend! Date of experience: 17 July 2023. You can then multiply that answer by 12 to get the average annual cost of a homeowners insurance policy. NRMA Insurance has been insuring Australians for over 90 years. On the negative side, they're slow with enquiries and it's hard to speak to a human when you need help. Don't remember your details? Log in easily with your mobile and date of birth here . Business address is Darling Park Tower 2, 201 Sussex St, Sydney NSW (can’t assist with enquiries at this address). Business Insurance 132 818 (8am–8pm, Mon–Fri) Car, Motorcycle, Home and Landlord Insurance 132 132 (7am–10pm) Caravan, Trailer and Boat Insurance 132 132 (8am–8pm) Veteran, Vintage & Classic Vehicle Insurance 1800 646 605 (8am–8pm, Mon–Fri and 8am–4pm,. We're here to help. Insurance issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, AFSL 227681, trading as CGU Insurance. NRMA Home Plus Insurance will give your home and its extras like pools, garages and sheds the best care around. Life insurance. Save up to 10% when you get travel insurance online 4. When making decisions about a product, always read the Product Disclosure Statement & Policy Booklet. It’s not a professional valuation. We’ve got you covered come flood, storm, hail and fire, and we provide new for old replacement of your contents. Get an online quote today. Home Contents Insurance Calculator Contents insurance calculator admiral. From the house itself, to your garage, fences, paved driveways, and even fixtures, like showers and baths, hot water systems, air conditioners and more. Insurance issued by AAI Limited ABN 48 005 297 807 trading as GIO. au, ABN: 18 118 785 121) provides factual information, general advice and services on a range of financial products as a Corporate. You can choose a basic excess from the levels we offer. But that’s not all! NRMA’s Savings Calculator also allows you to compare different saving scenarios. Interested in NRMA Household Plus Contents Insurance? Find show that product details, real customer reviews, and get on Mozo!We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Our car and home insurance has won more than 25 Mozo People's Choice Awards. Top pick for floods. a (Comparison rate 7. If you don't want us to increase your sum insured, just let us know. Both had NRMA home and content insurance which came to around $80/month as they were long time holders. accurate result to suit your household. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. NRMA Insurance Group - Submission to the Productivity Commission inquiry into Cost Recovery by Commonwealth Government. Quickly calculate coverage limits for a homeowners insurance policy, including dwelling,. The commission consists of a fee when you first take out the car loan and a trail commission during the life of your loan. Bottom floor consists of a foyer, garage, laundry which has door going out to back yard and a 32 m 2 room, which is my. What’s old is new again with our New-for-old replacement. #Buy an eligible home, contents or landlord insurance policy between 16/10/2023 and 8/12/2023 to receive a $150 eGift card after day 60 of your insurance policy being active. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. NRMA trademark used under licence from IAG, owner of the trademark for financial services. Compare our Home Insurance policies online. Protecting what matters most for over 90 years, NRMA Insurance is backed by IAG, the leading general insurance provider in Australia and New Zealand. Terms, conditions, exclusions and limits apply. Travel insurance. Make sure your doors and windows are protected with key-operated locks. Best cheap homeowners insurance in Baton Rouge. Canstar also gives Awards to the providers. , in which the insurer was one of the largest insurance companies. NRMA provides Membership, the “my nrma app” and other services. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. About the refinance calculator: This refinance calculator is a guide only and provides an estimate of how much interest you could save by refinancing with NRMA Home Loans, based on the loan details selected for comparison, and the loan amount and loan term entered. For full details of what’s included in our household insurance policies, see our Product Disclosure Statement (PDS), any applicable Supplementary PDS, Key Facts Sheet and Target Market Determinations. Electric vehicle search tool Fuel cost comparison calculator Electric vehicle reviews Incentives in your state. 2023 and will apply to all policies under the NRMA Insurance Home NSW, ACT and TAS Insurance Product Disclosure Statement and Policy Booklet (PDS), (Prepared on 02/08/2022) version G018345 08/22; taken out with a new business effective date on or after 11 October 2023, or with a renewal effective date on or after 13 November 2023. I got a quote from NRMA with similar house details and the quote came up to almost $150/month. If overseas, call +64 9 353 5848 (international toll charges apply). We can insure the following types of buildings at your site: domestic residential buildings that can be locked up; home improvement structures e. RACQ Home Insurance. Every insurer has its own underwriting process, meaning quotes will vary widely from one company to another. Address: Terminal Building, Sydney, NSW 2020. ING Home and Contents Insurance is issued by Auto & General Insurance Company Ltd ABN 42 111 586 353 AFSL 285571 as insurer. For example, if you have a newer house,. Choice of cancellation-only or comprehensive cover with our domestic plans. Help, like no one else. Nrma Home And Contents Insurance Quote Kamis, 10 September 2020. PC is an authorised agent of nib and receives commission from nib. It will be around 4,000 a year. Business address is Darling Park Tower 2, 201 Sussex St, Sydney NSW (can’t assist with enquiries at this address). Claim online. 227681 trading as NRMA Insurance • Underwritten by Insurance Australia Limited AFS Licence No. What’s old is new again with our New-for-old replacement. Higher limits often translate to more expensive property insurance — the premium for $1 million in dwelling coverage, for instance, costs an average of $7,947 per year, $5,333 more than the cost of a policy with $250,000 in coverage. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. Others, such as Allianz, link customers straight to a Cordell calculator. The estimate includes the cost to demolish and remove any remaining structures. Rated 4. NRMA New Car Loan. Looking for Coles Home Insurance? Get a lifetime guarantee on building repairs 24/7 claims Free grocery replacement Flood coverAt the end of this replacement calculator you can: have an estimated replacement cost of your home contents download a report showing the estimated contents replacement cost to help when getting a quote for our contents insurance Your home location Your home postcode. Insurance issued by Insurance Australia Limited ABN 11 000 016 722 trading as NRMA Insurance. Download documents. How the house is built. The 2022 premium was $1766. A. request online. Simply enter your estimate of the value for each of your items. house insurance rates with our. NRMA Home Insurance (Home and Contents Insurance): 1. Insurance issued by Insurance Australia Limited ABN 11 000 016 722 trading as NRMA Insurance. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. Optional extras cover is available, such as for accidental damage and/or theft outside the home, on certain items. * Across Australia, over 97% of customers paid $1. Comparison rate: 7. Details of your home Step 1 of 3. Interest: The cost of the loan. Existing Bronze members save 5%, Silver members save 7. Best comprehensive policy: Honey home insurance. Veteran, Vintage and Classic Insurance. from a low 10. To know for sure, check your. Reply. Home and contents insurance covers the cost of repairing or replacing your house and your belongings when something goes wrong. Honey Insurance is our 2023 winner for comprehensive cover in home insurance. Classic Extras and Platinum Home and Contents comes with cover. Estimate homeowners insurance coverages and limits to best protect your home. The results are not advice on how much you can or should borrow, which product you should choose, the product features or options, or about. UPDATE MY ESTIMATES. Homeowners insurance is $1,428 per year on average for a $250,000 dwelling, according to Bankrate’s data. It is imperative to ring your insurer and report the PV system and discuss it, but if your. For home policies read our Building Insurance and/or Contents Insurance Key Fact Sheets (KFS) which set out some of the events/risks covered and not covered by our home policies and other information you. 30%. Then you're ready to get a quote. Title: 562410_0522_G016789_v3_FA Author:A number of qualifications apply to the estimated rebuild cost, which are set out in the full set of terms and conditions accepted by you prior to your use of the Cordell Sum Sure Calculator. Compare our household insurance features, optional extras, and discounts below and find the policy that suits your needs. So if GIO Home Assist is available at your insured address and you’ve had GIO Home Assist added on your policy for 24 hours or more and you come home. will house insurance cover my tv antenna. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. But Comprehensive Plus gives you extras like: A hire car if your car can’t be driven after any incident NRMA Insurance cover, even if you cause an accident. 5%, Gold and Gold Life members save 10% on home & contents, building, contents and renter's insurance. Our most recent deal was added on November 12, 2023. au, ABN: 18 118 785 121) provides factual information, general advice and services on a range of financial products as a Corporate. The result is a homeowners insurance policy that costs $105 per month or $1,260 per year. To see if a product is right for you, always consider the Product Disclosure Statement and Target Market Determinations available from nrma. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. Protect the roof over your head and enjoy a lifetime guarantee on authorised repair work with NRMA Home Buildings Insurance in NSW, QLD, TAS, ACT, WA, SA and NT. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. The levels we offer for Building are between $200 and $2,500 and for Contents between $200 and $1,000. Cordell Sum Sure. au. Insurance calculators. NRMA Home Insurance: 39 questions on Australia's largest opinion site ProductReview. View all in Insurance calculators; Life cover calculator;. 2023 and will apply to all policies under the NRMA Insurance Home NSW, ACT and TAS Insurance Product Disclosure Statement and Policy Booklet (PDS), (Prepared on. View all in Insurance calculators;. Business address is Darling Park Tower 2, 201 Sussex St, Sydney NSW (can’t assist with enquiries at this address). Among other things, this can include the cost of repairs for damage caused by tenants, and the cost of legal expenses if tenants need to be evicted. From fire and smoke to earthquakes and tsunamis, our Home and Contents Insurance covers the cost of rebuilding or replacing your home and/or contents for a range of insured events. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. Alternative accommodation. Up to 12 months temporary accommodation after an insured event if your home is unfit to live in. The figures provided below are examples only. Cyclone & storm (62) Disaster Ready Fund (3) ICA Annual Conference (4) Indigenous Australians (1) Lenders Mortgage Insurance (2) Resilience Investment (31) Vulnerability & hardship (9) The voice for a resilient Australia. Insurance (except Travel sold in NSW, QLD, ACT, and TAS, Life and Income Protection) issued by Insurance Australia Limited, ABN 11 000 016 722, trading as NRMA Insurance. Landlord insurance is a specific type of home insurance that is designed to cover many of the same risks as home and contents insurance, but also risks that may be particular to a rental property. Issues in focus. Date of experience: 20 November 2023. It works by using information supplied by Sum Insured Pty Ltd – Australia’s leading provider of information on the costs of home contents. This website is an Australian Government initiative designed to help North Queensland residents compare some home insurance policies and indicative premiums. Type in your address so we can display any data we have for your home. Get a quote. The information in this PDS is current at the preparation date. Compare NRMA roadside assistance cover and join the best roadside network in Australia. Home insurance. You can choose from a range of options to cover your business, from Public Liability cover to protection for your work tools, commercial vehicles, and more. My NRMA is our new membership program that will inspire members to explore new places across Australia,. We look forward to keeping you moving. With Home Plus you get: An extra 25% on top of your insured amount to repair or replace your items (if you need it) Automatic cover for accidental damage to your things. While you'll need Building Insurance to protect the building itself, Home Contents Insurance can cover your important personal. au For more information on choosing insurance and to better understand insurance visit the Australian Government website: The policy this KFS relates to is: • Provided/Distributed by Insurance Australia Limited Free to download, the My NRMA app provides the latest member benefits, and the best parking and fuel deals in real time, wherever you are. Accommodation. gov, or contact their Help Center at 1-800-318-2596 if you have questions. . NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. home buildings and home contents calculators at nrma. Pictures. It is intended only as a Guide. Business Insurance 8:00am to 8:00pm AEDST, Monday to Friday. We do not guarantee the accuracy or currency of the estimates. You can specify this item when you get a quote and it will be added to your policy cover. 8 million members are entirely satisfied by its current. BCAA Home Insurance products for tenants, renters, condos, townhomes, houses and speciality coverage. Make sure items are insured for their full replacement value, not the amount originally paid. In 2023, the estimated monthly rate for car insurance was about $147 or $880 for a six-month policy. The NRMA Car Loan comes with a fixed interest rate of 6. National Roads and Motorists’ Association Limited ABN 77 000 010 506 (NRMA), trading as NRMA, is an authorised representative of IAL. Best home insurance in November 2023. Most home insurance policies cover public liability to some extent at least, usually with limits up to $20 million. CIRCA Net. Cover for loss or damage to sheds, carports. Ultimate Care. For home policies read our Building Insurance and/or Contents Insurance Key Fact Sheets (KFS) which set out some of the events/risks covered and not covered by our home policies and other information. If your policy number starts with MOT, call 132 132 (7am–8pm)Interested in NRMA Home Plus Edifices & List Insurance? Find all the product details, real customer reviews, additionally more on Mozo!There are different prices for the various levels of NRMA car insurance. 7% p. When you take out a Contents Insurance policy with AAMI, you’ll select an excess between $200 and $5,000. If overseas, call +64 9 353 5848 (international toll charges apply). If you need a tow, we can help - even if you aren't a NRMA member. Below are 3 easy to use calculators. Most insurance policies pay a policyholder (or carry out the works) up to a set financial limit. Get your estimate and know you’re. Car Loans. NRMA. 66. Plus, if you’ve managed to keep a good claims history. This policy offers underinsurance protection just in case you think you’ve valued your home incorrectly as well as a lifetime guarantee on authorised repairs. NRMA Insurance is part of the Insurance Australia Group. au. Insurers calculate costs according to various factors including the value and amount of contents you wish to insure, plus risk factors associated with yourself, your home, and the local area. Of course, you need to review the info and adjust it if necessary. a. Add –ons.